RESUMO
Reunir informações referentes aos riscos do uso de contraceptivos hormonais por adolescentes. Revisão integrativa da literatura científica dos últimos 10 anos. Incluídos os estudos sobre uso de anticoncepcional por adolescentes e os riscos associados. Estratégia de busca baseou-se na combinação dos descritores "adolescente", "saúde do adolescente", "anticoncepção", "fatores de risco" e "efeitos adversos" e seus respectivos mesh terms resultando em 73 artigos. Aplicando-se critérios de exclusão, restaram 22 artigos que foram analisados e agrupados em quadros. A literatura nacional e internacional menciona os métodos contraceptivos hormonais como seguros para uso por adolescentes porém ressaltam riscos cardiovasculares, alterações em gestações futuras e prejuízos ao sistema osteomuscular observados nas amostras estudadas, entre outros. A utilização de contracepção hormonal em adolescentes necessita de atenção e manejo cuidadoso para avaliação dos riscos e benefícios. Mais estudos abordando essa temática devem ser realizados para melhor esclarecimento sobre o assunto. (AU)
To gather information related to the risks of the use of hormonal contraceptives by teenagers. An integrative review of the scientific literature of the past 10 years. Studies investigating the use of contraceptives by teenagers and the associated risks were included. Search strategy was based on the combination of descriptors "teen", "teen health", "contraception", "risk factors" and "adverse effects" and their respective mesh terms, resulting in 73 articles. After exclusion criteria were applied, 22 articles remained to be analyzed, and their data were grouped into charts. The national and international literatures consider hormonal contraceptive methods to be safe for use by teenagers, but mention cardiovascular risks, changes in future pregnancies and damages to the musculoskeletal system, among others, as potential complications observed in the samples. The use of hormonal contraception in adolescents requires attention and careful management to assess risks and benefits. Further studies should be conducted to clarify this topic. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adolescente , Anticoncepção/efeitos adversos , Saúde do Adolescente , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate pulmonary function of patients submitted to muscle flap for treatment of mediastinitis. METHODS: Fifteen patients operated with the muscle flap technique were compared with 26 consecutive patients submitted to heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation, that did not present wound complications. Both groups were evaluated for age, sex, body weight, height, surgery, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) and the relation (FEV1/FVC) in absolute and percentual values, espirometry conclusions and clinical evidences of lung disease. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between preoperative and postoperative period for FVC (p = 0.98), FEV1 (p = 0.68) and FEV1/FVC (p = 0.30) in the group with no sternal complications. In the control group, the median of FVC was 3907 +/- 1053.25 and in the study group was 2818 +/- 766.86 in absolute values (p = 0.0015). The median of FEV1, in the control group, was 2995 +/- 855.68 and in the study group was 2232 +/- 617.68 in absolute values (p = 0.0046). There was statistical difference, between groups, in FVC (104.78 +/- 21.73 and 82.04 +/- 21.16) and FEV1 (99 +/- 22.67 and 79.04 +/- 19.17) in percentual (p = 0.0026 and 0.0067) values. There was no statistical difference for the ratio FEV1/FVC. The study group had five patients diagnosed as having restrictive ventilatory insufficiency by espirometry against none in the control group (p = 0.0031). CONCLUSION: Patients with infectious complications of sternum and mediastinum, treated surgically with muscle flap rotation may present restrictive pulmonary insufficiency in moderate degree, that must be considered in this situation.
